Scam Alert: Learn to Spot and Stop Common Fraud Tactics

These 10 common scams catch people off guard. Here’s how you can stay one step ahead of them.

Fraudsters do more than steal money—they exploit people during moments of change or vulnerability, particularly when routines are disrupted. Scammers often target individuals who are under pressure, grieving, transitioning into retirement, or simply feeling overwhelmed.

And while seniors are often discussed, anyone can be a target. Bad actors look for opportunities wherever they can find them.

Recognizing the tactics they use is the first step toward stopping them.

1. Lottery Scam

You receive an unsolicited phone call or email claiming you’ve won a large prize. The fraudster asks you to send money to cover shipping, taxes, or other fees. The prize never arrives—because it was never real.

Ask yourself: Did you actually enter a contest? Did they clearly explain when and how winners are contacted?

2. Grandchild Scam

Your grandchild calls to confess they’re in trouble—or so you think. A fraudster impersonates a grandchild in crisis and urgently asks for money, often insisting you not tell their parents. The emotional pressure is intentional.

Ask yourself: Does this sound like something your grandchild would say? Can you pause and call them—or their parents—before taking action?

To prepare, talk with family members ahead of time about how you’ll contact one another in an emergency. Agree on ways to verify identity before sending money.

3. Charity Scam

You donate to one organization and suddenly receive requests from many others. While some legitimate charities share donor lists, fraudsters may exploit this by using similar names or logos to trick you into donating again—without the funds going where you intend.

Ask yourself: Did you initiate the donation, or did they contact you unexpectedly? Does the charity name exactly match the organization you wanted to support?

4. Computer Scam

Someone calls claiming to be from a well‑known technology company and says your computer has a virus. They offer to fix the problem by asking you to visit a website that gives them remote access to your device. Once connected, they can steal personal and financial information.

Ask yourself: Did you contact technical support first? Legitimate companies do not make unsolicited calls to fix your computer.

5. Timeshare Scam

If you own a timeshare, you may receive a call from someone claiming they can sell it on your behalf—for a fee. After payment, they disappear.

Ask yourself: Did you initiate contact? Have they provided verifiable documentation you could review with a lawyer or trusted advisor?

6. Homeowner Scam

Someone comes to your door offering services such as gutter cleaning or tree trimming and asks for payment upfront. After being paid, they leave without completing the work.

Ask yourself: Have you verified the business? Reputable contractors provide identification, references, and written estimates—and typically allow payment after the work is complete.

7. Medical Scam

You receive an unsolicited call offering discounted medical equipment, such as mobility aids or home safety products. You’re asked for a deposit and personal or health card information, but the equipment never arrives—and your information may be used for identity fraud.

Ask yourself: Did you request this product? Before sharing health or insurance information, contact your doctor or provincial health plan directly.

8. Foreclosure Scam

Someone claiming to be a “professional” says your home is at risk and offers to resolve mortgage or tax issues if you sign over title to the property. Once they gain control, they may refinance or sell the home and keep the proceeds—while you remain responsible for the debt.

Ask yourself: Is this coming from your lender or a verified legal professional? Never sign documents without consulting your bank, lawyer, or a trusted housing professional.

9. Caregiver and Sweetheart Scam

Some fraudsters cultivate close personal relationships as caregivers, romantic partners, or trusted companions. Over time, they gain access to finances, accounts, or legal documents under the pretence of helping. This manipulation can be gradual and emotionally driven.

Ask yourself: Has this person requested access to your bank account, passwords, or legal authority? Have you actually met them in person, and do others know about the relationship?

10. Real Estate Payment Scam

Before buying or completing a property transaction, a scammer intercepts communications from your real estate agent or lawyer and sends fraudulent payment instructions to steal your funds.

Ask yourself: Does this match what your agent or lawyer told you? When in doubt, verify instructions by calling a trusted phone number. You can also agree in advance that payment instructions will never change by email, and establish a verification process just in case.

Staying Safe

These scams are widespread, but discussing decisions with trusted loved ones or your financial professional can help you avoid costly mistakes. Keep these additional tips in mind:

• Consider placing a credit freeze or fraud alert with Equifax Canada or TransUnion Canada.
• Don’t pay for items you don’t remember ordering.
• Never share personal or financial information with unknown third parties.
• Work with financial institutions that offer robust fraud monitoring and protection.
• Avoid clicking links in suspicious emails. Instead, access the organization’s official website or contact them directly.
• Don’t allow strangers into your home. Ask for credentials and reference details.
• Be cautious with caregivers or new companions, particularly if you notice warning signs or inconsistencies.
• Limit cheque payments, which may expose your address and banking details.

If You’ve Been Targeted

If you believe you’ve been scammed or your identity has been compromised, act quickly. Contact your financial institution or advisor immediately to protect your accounts. You should also report the incident to the Canadian Anti‑Fraud Centre (CAFC) and consider notifying your local police service. Reporting fraud helps authorities, including the RCMP, track and respond to emerging threats https://reportcyberandfraud.canada.ca.